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[[File:Calciner_Dryers.jpg|thumb|200px|right|Calciner Dryers]]<br />
The '''Calciners''' are for high temperature processing from 1000°-2100°F with controlled atmospheres utilizing heat sources of gas, oil, and electric.<br />
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They are very similar in design to [[Rotary Dryers]], except that much higher temperatures are involved. Again these may be directly heated or indirectly, depending upon the specific application.<br />
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==Directly Heated Calciners==<br />
The refractory lined rotating shell has no lifting flights. Forward flow of the material is effected by the slope and rotation of the shell. Located at the discharge end, a gas or oil burner enables temperatures up to 1650°C to be achieved. For certain applications, the atmosphere within the [[Kilns|kiln]] can be controlled to give oxidizing, or slightly reducing conditions.<br />
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==Indirectly Heated Calciners==<br />
Based on the design of the indirectly heated rotary dryer, the calciner is capable of operating at temperatures of 1100°C. Typical applications include: <br />
* nickel catalysts<br />
* carbon regeneration<br />
* molecular sieves <br />
* china clay<br />
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==Video==<br />
<youtube>2ai9CgvoTFQ</youtube></div>Admin