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High Pressure Homogenizers (view source)
Revision as of 06:46, 25 February 2022
, 06:46, 25 February 2022→The future of high pressure homogenizers
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===Hand Driven=== | ===Hand Driven=== | ||
[[File:High_Pressure_Homogenizers_handdriven.png|thumb|250px|right|Hand-driven high pressure homogenizer]] | [[File:High_Pressure_Homogenizers_handdriven.png|thumb|250px|right|Hand-driven high pressure homogenizer]] | ||
Hand driven homogenizers pressurize the material by manual power. The flow rate of a hand homogenizer is small, but it is portable and easy to assemble and disassemble. It requires very small amounts of materials, making it suitable for small-scale experiments. This type of device is capable of supporting biopharmaceutical laboratories’ research and development needs. The manual high-pressure homogenizer is also called the Handgenizer.1 | Hand driven homogenizers<ref>HandGenizer,[https://www.genizer.com/handgenizer-laboratory-hand-drive_p0009.html]</ref> pressurize the material by manual power. The flow rate of a hand homogenizer is small, but it is portable and easy to assemble and disassemble. It requires very small amounts of materials, making it suitable for small-scale experiments. This type of device is capable of supporting biopharmaceutical laboratories’ research and development needs. The manual high-pressure homogenizer is also called the Handgenizer.1 | ||
===Air Driven=== | ===Air Driven=== | ||
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==By principle and structure of the interaction chamber== | ==By principle and structure of the interaction chamber== | ||
[[File:High_Pressure_Homogenizers_principle.png|thumb| | [[File:High_Pressure_Homogenizers_principle.png|thumb|300px|right|The three-type principle of high pressure homogenization<ref>Three-Types Homogenizing Mechanism in History. [https://www.genizer.com/art/technology_a0043.html]</ref>]] | ||
===First Generation: Impact Type=== | ===First Generation: Impact Type=== | ||
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[[File:High_Pressure_Homogenizers_Ceramic_piston.png|thumb|250px|right|Ceramic piston]] | [[File:High_Pressure_Homogenizers_Ceramic_piston.png|thumb|250px|right|Ceramic piston]] | ||
Overall, a cylinder with an intensifier is superior to a direct-drive one. | Overall, a cylinder with an intensifier is superior to a direct-drive one. | ||
Under the same flow rate, higher pressure produces lower frequency, fewer pressure fluctuations, better product quality, and greater equipment durability. At 30,000 psi, a laboratory high pressure homogenizer, can reach fluctuation levels of less than 10 Hz, as opposed to 60 Hz from a normal homogenizer. | Under the same flow rate, higher pressure produces lower frequency, fewer pressure fluctuations, better product quality, and greater equipment durability. At 30,000 psi, a laboratory high pressure homogenizer<ref>NanoGenizer, [https://www.genizer.com/nanogenizer_p0039.html]</ref>, can reach fluctuation levels of less than 10 Hz, as opposed to 60 Hz from a normal homogenizer. | ||
High pressure piston materials can be divided into ceramics, tungsten carbide, and hardened stainless steel, with ceramics as the costliest option and hardened stainless steel as the most affordable. Quality and durability align with cost: Ceramic materials offer the highest quality, followed by hard tungsten alloy, with hardened stainless steel as a lower-quality option. | |||
==Selecting homogenization parts== | ==Selecting homogenization parts== | ||
[[File:High_Pressure_Homogenizers_Homogenization_chamber_performance_comparison.jpg|thumb| | [[File:High_Pressure_Homogenizers_Homogenization_chamber_performance_comparison.jpg|thumb|400px|right|Homogenization chamber performance comparison]] | ||
As a core component of homogenizers, homogenization chambers play a decisive role in achieving optimum results for the process. Different inner constructions of homogenization chambers lead to different results and applications. | As a core component of homogenizers, homogenization chambers play a decisive role in achieving optimum results for the process. Different inner constructions of homogenization chambers lead to different results and applications. | ||
When selecting a suitable homogenizer, the purchaser must consider both performance and cost. In general, the cost of the first-generation homogenization chamber is more economical, but its performance in the homogenization process is not as good as the second generation’s. The second-generation homogenization chamber produces a superior product, but when processing materials with high concentration and viscosity, it is more likely to block than first-generation machines, and its cost is higher as well. The interaction chamber with a cooling system, developed by Genizer, can be used for thermally unstable biological and pharmaceutical products. | When selecting a suitable homogenizer, the purchaser must consider both performance and cost. In general, the cost of the first-generation homogenization chamber is more economical, but its performance in the homogenization process is not as good as the second generation’s. The second-generation homogenization chamber produces a superior product, but when processing materials with high concentration and viscosity, it is more likely to block than first-generation machines, and its cost is higher as well. The interaction chamber with a cooling system, developed by Genizer, can be used for thermally unstable biological and pharmaceutical products. | ||
==Maximum homogenizing pressure== | ==Maximum homogenizing pressure== | ||
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=The future of high pressure homogenizers= | =The future of high pressure homogenizers= | ||
In 2010, the FDA announced a recall of eleven batches of clevidipine butyrate injection emulsion across the United States due to the possibility that the emulsion contained inert metallic particles. | In 2010, the FDA announced a recall of eleven batches of clevidipine butyrate injection emulsion across the United States due to the possibility that the emulsion contained inert metallic particles<ref>Recall -- Firm Press Release. FDA.[https://www.fda.gov/media/78662/download]</ref>. Particles gathering and forming larger particles would theoretically lead to clogging in blood capillaries, causing mechanical damage to the body or other acute or chronic inflammations. | ||
Therefore, it is not recommended to use the impact type of homogenization chamber in the pharmaceutical industry. These models are no longer suitable for mass production of pharmaceutical emulsion injection. The interaction mechanism is also more durable in ultra-high pressure machines when equipped with temperature control. With increasing demand for nanomaterials, which require higher pressure and higher performance in nano-dispersion, interaction chambers will be more widely used in nanotechnology fields, such as pharmaceuticals, semiconductors, and microelectronics. | Therefore, it is not recommended to use the impact type of homogenization chamber in the pharmaceutical industry. These models are no longer suitable for mass production of pharmaceutical emulsion injection. The interaction mechanism is also more durable in ultra-high pressure machines when equipped with temperature control. With increasing demand for nanomaterials, which require higher pressure and higher performance in nano-dispersion, interaction chambers will be more widely used in nanotechnology fields, such as pharmaceuticals, semiconductors, and microelectronics. | ||
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With the development of the high thrust linear actuator system, high-thrust and low-speed linear motors will be applied in ultra-high pressure homogenizers in the future. As the pressure increases, temperature control will be a major technical challenge—and therefore, a temperature-controlled and ultra-high pressure-durable interaction chamber is a major avenue for future development. | With the development of the high thrust linear actuator system, high-thrust and low-speed linear motors will be applied in ultra-high pressure homogenizers in the future. As the pressure increases, temperature control will be a major technical challenge—and therefore, a temperature-controlled and ultra-high pressure-durable interaction chamber is a major avenue for future development. | ||
=Videos= | =Videos= | ||
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<youtube>jdi8z-PWIGc</youtube> | <youtube>jdi8z-PWIGc</youtube> | ||
<youtube>L75LnkRXNLw</youtube> | <youtube>L75LnkRXNLw</youtube> | ||
=References= | |||
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